Introduction to Scolymia
Scolymia corals, often called Scolies, are a highly sought-after type of Large Polyp Stony (LPS) coral prized for their bold colors and unique circular shape. These corals display a stunning array of hues, including reds, oranges, greens, purples, and blues, often with intricate patterns or gradients that make each specimen one of a kind.
Known for their solitary nature and fleshy polyps, Scolymia corals are a centerpiece addition to any reef tank. While they are moderately challenging to care for, they thrive in stable environments with proper lighting and gentle water flow. Their striking appearance and adaptability make them a favorite among experienced reef hobbyists.
Natural Habitat and Origin
Scolymia corals are native to the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific, including regions like Australia, Indonesia, and the Great Barrier Reef. These corals are typically found in shaded or low-light areas of reef slopes and lagoons, often resting on sandy substrates or rocky ledges.
In their natural habitat, Scolymia corals benefit from gentle water flow and nutrient-rich environments that support their fleshy tissue and vibrant coloration. Their solitary nature allows them to thrive in areas with minimal competition, making them a unique addition to reef ecosystems.
Water Chemistry
Scolymia corals require stable and balanced water conditions to thrive and maintain their vibrant colors. These corals are sensitive to fluctuations, making consistent monitoring and maintenance essential.
- Calcium: 400–450 ppm
- Alkalinity: 8–12 dKH
- Magnesium: 1250–1350 ppm
- Nitrates: 5–15 ppm
- Phosphates: <0.10 ppm
- Temperature: 76–80°F
- Salinity: 1.024–1.026
While Scolymia can tolerate slightly elevated nutrient levels, extreme shifts or poor water quality can lead to stress and tissue recession. Regular water changes and careful parameter tracking will help ensure their health and vibrant appearance.
Lighting
Scolymia corals thrive under low to moderate lighting conditions, with a PAR range of 50–150 being ideal. These corals are well-suited for shaded or lower-light areas of the tank, where they can expand fully and display their vibrant colors without the risk of bleaching or stress.
At Top Shelf Aquatics, we house Scolymia corals under carefully calibrated lighting systems, including Ecotech Marine Radions and T5 setups, ensuring optimal conditions for their health and coloration. Blue-spectrum lighting enhances their fluorescent hues, highlighting their unique patterns and gradients.
Water Flow
Scolymia corals prefer low to moderate water flow, which allows their fleshy polyps to expand fully without being disturbed by strong currents. Gentle, indirect flow ensures debris is swept away while preventing tissue irritation or retraction.
At Top Shelf Aquatics, we use advanced flow systems, including Ecotech Marine MP pumps and Sicce pumps, to create stable and indirect water movement that mimics the calm lagoon environments Scolymia corals naturally inhabit. These conditions promote healthy tissue expansion and feeding behavior.
What We Feed
Scolymia corals obtain most of their energy from their symbiotic zooxanthellae, but they also benefit greatly from occasional feedings. Providing supplemental nutrition encourages more vivid colors, faster growth, and improved overall health.
- Mysis shrimp
- Finely minced seafood like scallops or squid
- High-quality powdered foods such as Reef Roids or Benepets Coral Food
- Plankton-based options like Tisochrysis
To feed your Scolymia, gently deliver small amounts of food near its central mouth using a pipette or turkey baster. Feedings 1–2 times weekly are ideal, especially during the evening when the coral’s feeding tentacles are extended. Temporarily pausing water movement for 10–15 minutes allows the coral ample time to capture and ingest its meal.
Coloration and Tank Maturity
Scolymia corals are known for their rich colors, including shades of red, green, orange, purple, and blue. Many feature subtle patterns or gradients that are enhanced under blue-spectrum lighting. Stable water parameters and consistent care are key to maintaining their coloration.
These corals tend to perform better in mature reef systems, where nutrient levels and water parameters are more stable. A well-established tank provides the ideal environment for steady growth and vibrant colors, making it easier for Scolymia to thrive.
Common Challenges
While Scolymia corals are relatively hardy, they can face certain challenges if their care requirements are not met:
- Tissue Recession: Poor water quality, unstable parameters, or physical damage can lead to tissue loss. Maintaining consistent alkalinity, calcium, and nutrient levels is critical to preventing this issue.
- Bleaching: Excessive light exposure or sudden changes in lighting conditions can cause bleaching. Gradually acclimating the coral to light and keeping it in low to moderate lighting prevents stress.
- Polyp Bailout: Extreme stress, such as rapid parameter fluctuations or prolonged poor water quality, can result in polyp bailout, where the coral detaches from its skeleton.
- Detritus Accumulation: These corals can collect debris on their fleshy surface, which may cause irritation or promote algae growth. Gentle water flow helps keep them clean.
- Pests and Aggression: Aggressive tank mates or certain pests may harm Scolymia corals by nipping at their fleshy tissue. Choosing compatible tank inhabitants is essential.
Acclimation Guide
Proper acclimation is essential for ensuring Scolymia corals adjust smoothly to their new environment. Following these steps will minimize stress and support long-term health:
- Temperature Acclimation: Float the sealed bag in your aquarium for 15–20 minutes to equalize the temperature.
- Drip Acclimation: Gradually mix tank water with the shipping water over 30–45 minutes using a drip line or small cup.
- Lighting Acclimation: Place the coral in a shaded or low-light area of the tank initially. Gradually increase exposure to moderate lighting over 2–3 weeks.
- Placement: Position Scolymia corals on stable substrates, such as sand or a flat surface, in a low to moderate flow area. Avoid high-flow zones to prevent tissue irritation or displacement.
